ABSTRACT In the past decade, peptide and protein arrays have become a substantial tool for systematic, large scale and high-throughput analysis in basic research, diagnostics, drug discovery, and functional genomics. A great variety of array formats and variants has been developed, accompanied by substantial progress in array production. Compared to mass-spectrometry-based proteome analyses, peptide and protein arrays might have less comprehensiveness and quantitative accuracy. However, they may allow for rapid and parallel screening of thousands of samples in a single experiment and represent a convenient tool for a broad spectrum of biomedical applications. Accordingly, peptide and protein arrays have been applied to analyse e.g. protein-protein, antigen-antibody or protein-small molecule interactions, while whole cell or tissue lysate (reverse phase) arrays have proven useful for diagnostic biomarker discovery and analysis of signaling pathways. This article reviews the most common peptide and protein arrays presently available for biomedical research, providing information on synthesis techniques, applications, and future perspectives within this field.
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