The purpose of this study is to classify the neuropathy observed in cold injuries. The electrodiagnostic studies in 6 patients with chronic neuropathic sequelae of non-freezing cold injuries are presented. The neuropathy is a mixed motor sensory, demyelinating-axonal neuropathy. The findings are concordant with descriptions of clinical cases and of experimental studies in the limbs of rabbits, showing failure of conduction and distal degeneration of the affected fibers. Nerve conduction studies may provide an objective indicator of nerve damage in intact organisms affected with cold injury, and it may be of value in monitoring clinical, therapeutic and experimental studies of cold injury. The best therapeutic measures include prevention of prolonged exposure to cold temperatures, the use of protective equipment, rapid warming, and tissue care.