Agricultural and food industry wastes constitute significant proportions of world wide agricultural productivity. These wastes include fruit, vegetables, root / tuber, sugar industry and animal / livestock / fisheries wastes. They represent valuable biomass and potential solutions to problems of animal nutrition world-wide if appropriate technologies are deployed for their reprocessing into feed. In addition, reutilization of these wastes should help to address growing global demands for environmentally sustainable methods of production and pollution control. Various technologies are potentially available for the valorization of these wastes. In addition to conventional waste management, other processes that may be used include solid substrate fermentation, ensiling and high solid or slurry processes. In particular, the use of slurry processes in the form of Thermophilic Aerobic Digestion (TAD) is gaining prominence because of its potential advantages over conventional waste reprocessing technologies. In addition to capacity for self-heating, other advantages include capacity to achieve rapid, cost effective waste stabilization/pasteurization and protein enrichment of wastes for animal feed use. TAD is particularly suited for use with wastes generated as slurries, at high temperature or other high COD wastes and being considered for upgrading and recycling as animal feed supplement. Reprocessing of agricultural wastes by TAD has been shown to result in very significant protein accretion and effective conversion of mineral nitrogen supplement to high value feed grade protein for use in animal nutrition. The use of thermopiles in the process has significant safety benefits and may be optimized to enhance user confidence and acceptability.