ABSTRACT Three biologically based insecticides (Azatrol [1.2% azadiractin A and B], Molt-X [3% azadiractin], and Conserve SC [11.6% spinosyn A and D]) applied at different concentrations to Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) were evaluated under greenhouse conditions for their effects on development and survival. When these insecticides were applied to cucumber foliage, they induced significant reductions in egg hatch, survival of all instars and adults, and adult emergence from eggs previously exposed to insecticides. Prolonged development of nymphs also occurred. These insecticides negatively affected the whiteflies in a concentration-dependent manner, though the effectiveness varied among insecticides. Molt-X induced the highest mortality to eggs. Molt-X and Azatrol showed similar efficacy on adult mortality, which was greater than Conserve. Conversely, Azatrol caused greater reduction in the proportion of adults that completed their development from treated eggs. The bio-insecticides tested seem to have the potential to effectively manage the form of B. tabaci existing in Jordan, although additional studies are desirable to evaluate their efficacy under field conditions.
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