Photodynamic therapy (PDT) involves the administration of a photosensitizer, followed by local irradiation of tumor tissues using a light of the appropriate wavelength to activate the photosensitizer. Since multiple cellular signaling cascades are concomitantly activated in cancer cells exposed to the photodynamic effect, understanding the responses of cancer cells to PDT will aid in the development of new interventions. The main effect of PDT is induction of localized tumor cell death and it could create a local depot of tumor associated antigens, which would be available for uptake and presentation to the immune system. In this review, we describe our latest findings regarding the induction of anti-tumor immunity following PDT against cancer cells. A more detailed understanding of the molecular mechanisms related to PDT immune-stimulation will potentially help to improve long-term survival of PDT treated patients.