ABSTRACT Allergic rhinitis is an immunoglobulin E-mediated immune reaction characterized by sensitization of mast cells upon exposure to certain allergens. This results in TH2 cell differentiation and specific immunoglobulin E antibodies’ production. Carbohydrates on these allergens and their counter antigen-presenting cells (C-type lectin receptors) have been considered necessary factors in allergen sensitization. The initial recognition and uptake of these carbohydrate moieties by C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) could be useful in designing intervention strategies early when the allergens are recognized by the innate immune system (allergen uptake by dendritic cells). Data on the association of plasma levels of the soluble CLRs mannan-binding lectin (MBL) with allergy are conflicting. We aimed to evaluate the serum MBL level among allergic rhinitis patients and determine if its level differs according to different disease parameters or could be related to any of them. This study was conducted on sixty allergic rhinitis patients and thirty healthy individuals who served as controls. Complete history taking, physical examination and skin-prick test were performed. Analysis was done for peripheral absolute eosinophilic count, serum total immunoglobulin E and serum level of MBL. There was a statistically highly significant increase in MBL levels in allergic rhinitis in comparison to healthy control (P-value < 0.001). On comparing MBL serum level among various study parameters, statistically significant increase was found only in patients with moderate to severe AR compared to those with mild allergic rhinitis (P-value = 0.018). Considering increased serum MBL levels in allergic rhinitis, CLRs could be attractive targets for treatment and modulation of TH2-type responses.
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