Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a common disease in the 21^st century. Infections and their complications are the second cause for morbidity and mortality in patients with CKD, undergoing hemodialysis. Recent data show that immune dysfunction is probably responsible for the high frequency of infections in those patients. The aim of this review is to present current concepts for the abnormalities in the innate immunity in patients with CKD, which are clinically relevant in nephrologists’ practice and can be basis for further research.