Giardia lamblia is a parasitic protozoan capable of infecting a wide range of mammals. This unicellular organism has a very intricate set of internal structures that make up its cytoskeleton. Although the first description of Giardia cytoskeleton dates from 1964, many questions continue unsolved. Recently, Giardia’s genome project was concluded and this will certainly be very important for the understanding of the relation between the main cell features and the development of the symptoms of giardiasis.