ABSTRACT Methamphetamine is one of the most widely abused drugs in the world and its abuse is frequently associated with serious health consequences such as Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Ample evidence has indicated that both methamphetamine abuse and HIV infection can result in neuronal injury en route to the development of neurodegenerative diseases. The major neurotoxic effects triggered by methamphetamine include depletion of neurotransmitter dopamine and serotonin as well as the persistent damage to monoaminergic terminal. In this review, we try to summarize recent updates of the cellular and molecular mechanisms underneath methamphetamine-induced neurotoxicity including disturbance of dopamine metabolism, oxidative stress, excitotoxicity, neuroinflammation and interconnections among these pathways.
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