Investigation into the microorganisms associated with the faecal droppings of the caterpillar of an emperor moth, Bunaea alcinoe was carried out using standard methods. Aliquot portions of the droppings dispersed in peptone water was aseptically inoculated onto bacteriological and mycological media and incubated at appropriate temperature and time. Total bacteria counts were 1.02 × 10⁷ – 1.45 × 10⁸ and 8.8 × 10⁵ for fungi. Bacteria isolated from the samples includes, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Enterococcus faecalis, Haemophilus influenzae, Klebsiella aeromonas, Micrococcus luteus and Acinetobacter species, while fungal isolates  were, Aspergillus niger, Penicillium caseicolum, Rhizopus stolonifer, Geotrichum candidum, and one species of yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The isolates are natural inhabitants of soil, water and vegetations that the worms frequently come in contact with during feeding. The pathogenicity of the bacterial isolates had been reported. Klebsiella and Bacillus may survive adverse environmental conditions, whereas Staphylococcus aureus produce potent enterotoxins that cause food intoxication. The moulds produce mycotoxins, secondary metabolites that could result in mycotoxicoses. Proper disposal of the faecal droppings will prevent contamination and eliminate health risk associated with the microorganisms.