Recent progress in the development of electroanalytical methods based on the use of microelectrodes in organic solvents is reviewed. Experimental aspects such as the choice of solvents and suitable supporting electrolytes, the types of microelectrodes used, and the application of voltammetric techniques and electrochemical detection in flow injection, liquid chromatography and capillary electrophoresis in such media are addressed. Moreover, selected methods for the determination of several analytes of interest are discussed.