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Current Topics in Biochemical Research   Volumes    Volume 15  Issue 1
Abstract
Protective roles of polyphenols against the pathogenesis of diabetes, cardiovascular and other chronic diseases
Monica Passi, Mamatha Garige, Maokai Gong, Leslie Leckey, Eric Nylen, Ruchi Shah, M. Raj Lakshman
Pages: 109 - 126
Number of pages: 18
Current Topics in Biochemical Research
Volume 15  Issue 1

Copyright © 2013 Research Trends. All rights reserved

ABSTRACT
 
Type II Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a major international health problem, affecting 25.8 million people worldwide, and projected to affect 366 million by the year 2030. T2DM is a progressive, chronic disease associated with both micro and macrovascular complications caused by excessive protein glycation and the activation of oxidative stress. However, evidence shows that early educational and pharmacological intervention can stop and even reverse its progression. While traditionally managed with rigorous medical therapy in a stepwise approach, including oral anti-diabetic drugs (OADs), insulin and other injectable agents, the majority of patients currently have poor glycemic control, with less than 50% reaching the recommended American Diabetes Association HbA1c target levels. With the number of cases on the rise, especially in today’s youth, the World Health Organization has recommended the use of complementary medicines for the management of this global health challenge. A number of recent studies on polyphenols suggest that quercetin exhibits great potential as an anti-diabetic agent by improving hyperglycemia and reducing the incidence of peripheral complications. Quercetin is one of the most beneficial phytochemicals with antioxidant properties that could serve to inhibit lipid peroxidation, inhibit the glycation of proteins, reduce cellular apoptosis by decreasing oxidative stress, and scavenge free radicals. Based on these properties, quercetin could be exploited as a potential source for plant based pharmaceutical products. The following meta-analysis reveals the findings of a number of studies demonstrating the protective role of quercetin on the cardiac, metabolic, neurodegenerative, nephrotic, hepatic, gastrointestinal, osteogenic and ocular complications associated with T2DM. This comprehensive overview forms a sound basis for further investigation into the potential discovery of natural bioactive compounds in the management of T2DM and other related chronic degenerative diseases.
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