This article aims to review the intervention of phytochemicals and herbs in the athletic performance and as beneficial factors for subjects under either resistance or endurance exercising programes. Most of the scientific approach presented here was based on the antioxidant content of such compounds. Thus, the manuscript contemplates an updated compilation of: (i) the recognized cellular sources and role of reactive oxygen/nitrogen species (ROS/RNS) in muscle tissue homeostasis and myopathies; (ii) the biochemistry of antioxidants and the metabolic adaptations of muscle tissues submitted to exercise-related oxidative stress and injuries; (iii) health amelioration from phytochemicals utilization, such as polyphenols, flavonoids, curcuminoids, carotenoids, ginkgolides, green tea catechins, etc; and (iv) putative phytochemical/ herbal interventions to prevent or recover muscle injuries and alleviate muscle soreness symptoms.